Thrust ball bearings can only handle axial loads. The bearing rings mounted on the shaft are called shaft washers, and those mounted on the bearing housing are called housing washers. Both washers contain grooves for the balls. Thrust ball bearings come in two types: single type, which can support axial loads in one direction only, and double type, which can support loads in both directions.

The center washer of the double-row ball bearing is positioned axially by a shoulder shaft and sleeve. Thrust ball bearings are not suitable for high-speed rotation, as the lubricant is expelled by centrifugal force. When used on a horizontal shaft, a minimum axial load must be applied. Pressed steel plate, polyamide resin, high-strength machined brass, or mild steel are used for cages. Care must be taken during handling to avoid damage to the separable rings and ball assembly.

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